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Finding the best Cannabis Genetics.
When hearing the word genetics, many people are automatically drawn to the thought of athletes, dogs or the characteristics of someone they may know. Genetics are defined as the scientific study of genes in heredity, and genes can be found in everything living. A gene is a section of DNA that is responsible for producing a certain trait or characteristic found in something. Whether that something is exotic Tree or exotic dogs Genes are all around u
Learning Cannabis plant terms & phrases
Now that we know what genes and genetics are, it’s time to learn about how they impact our cannabis. There is a few more words we need to become familiar with first
Genotype: The specific DNA in a cannabis plant that directly is responsible for the phenotype.
Strain: a unique genetic variation of cannabis
Phenotype: the physical and visual appearance of a single cannabis plant, including size, shape, girth and coloration.
(Often called “phenos”) some would say their genetic makeup
Cultivar: A plant variety that has been created Through cultivation by selective breeding, in order to bring out a breeder’s desired characteristics.
A breeder’s “preferred batch” or their favorite strain that they’ve been running for years.
Outbreeding: A growing technique employed to introduce new genes into the genetic variety
Lineage: A sequence of descendants each of which is considered to have evolved from its predecessor.
Landrace Strains: The original genetic foundations of modern cannabis hybrids. Most original landrace strain names hold a clue to where they came from. All true landrace strains are endemic to their own geographical area.
IBL– An acronym for (in-bred line)
Terpenes: Terpenes are naturally occurring chemical compounds found in implants and animals. They produce aromas, flavors, and even colors.
Cannabinoids: The word cannabinoid refers to every chemical substance, that joins the cannabinoid receptors of the body and brain and that have similar effects to those produced by cannabis.
Growth pattern: The 4 distinct stages in cultivating cannabis….. 1st- Germination 2nd- Seedling 3rd- Vegetative 4th- Flowering
Cannabis Genetics: Refers to a cannabis plant’s genetic composition, or the combination of genes passed down from its parents. Cannabis plants are diploid organisms, meaning they have 2 sets of chromosomes, one set from the mother plant and one from the father. Different combinations of these lead to unique genotypes.
Terpenes and THC
Aroma, flavor, and even taste are the constituents of terpenes. Terpenes are found in all cannabis. Consistent growing practices help develop strong genes that translate to characteristics producing high quality terpenes. When paired with THC the combination creates what is called an “entourage effect”. This effect is what gets people TREED…
How do genetics affect my cannabis?
Cannabis genetics and lineage are ever so changing as time goes on. With so many strains and so many consumers, growers & breeders are constantly searching for the next best thing. Cannabis is cultivated many different ways but the quality & amount yielded can differ depending on the strength of the genetics. Good genetics cost good money which results in great buds if grown correctly. Recently genetics have become less characteristic with some even being bred out or lost. This not to be said for all strains though, in fact now in 2023 we have some of the highest testing cannabis strains that we’ve ever had before.
What affects genetics?
The strength and quality of genetics can be influenced by many things both negatively and positively. Factors like the material the plant is grown in, along with the amount of nutrients and light exposure can all lead to changes in the finished crop. The environment, whether the plant is growing indoor or outdoor also plays a major role. VPD (Vapor Pressure Deficit) refers to the amount of moisture a plant or group of plants pulls from an environment. Environments can even be broken into smaller sectors like temperature, humidity, and type of insects. Insects can be both good or bad depending on the type, beneficial insects include some like the ladybug & praying mantis. Detrimental insects include different types of ants, worms,flies and thrips.
Cannabis Generations
Over time Breeders will continue to combine the best aspects and attributes of a lineage to create the best possible results. Although each plant will create unique results, genetics can be stabilized through growing subsequent Generations. The first generation of a parental Cross is known as an F1 hybrid. After that the generations that follow are known as f2, F3, F4 Etc. Each generation after the first can be formulated to carry certain traits that may be less or more dominant than the previous generation.
Cannabis Yields
The amount of cannabis produced by a plant is often referred to as the yield. Yields vary from plant to plant with the specific weights being much different from each other. The strain along with the VPD, environment, light intensity and nutrients will all affect the amount yielded. A successful average plant can yield anywhere from 112 grams to 1200 grams. Certain training techniques like topping and super cropping will help increase the amount yielded.
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